Njawulo Ki eri wakati wa RFID ne NFC?

RAIN RFID y’eddukanya enkola ya Walmart ey’okutereka ebintu. NFC eddukanya Apple Pay. Famire y’emu eya tekinologiya wa leediyo, emirimu egy’enjawulo.

 

 

Amakolero gakozesa "RAIN" ku UHF RFID kubanga "UHF Gen 2 EPC RFID" yali mpanvu nnyo okugamba. Impinj, Google, Smartrac ne Intel baatongoza kaweefube w’okussaako akabonero emyaka egiyise, nga beewola mu kitabo kya WiFi. Taagi bw'etwala akabonero ka RAIN, egoberera ISO/IEC 18000-63 n'enkola ya GS1 EPC Gen2. EPCglobal yakakasa enkyusa ya Gen2 esooka mu December 2004. Enkyusa 1.2.0 yajja mu 2008. Spec eriwo kati, Gen2v2, ya 2013. Ennongoosereza empya, Gen2v3, yayita mu GS1 workgroup review ku nkomerero ya 2023 era yali esuubirwa okukakasibwa ku ntandikwa ya 2024. Megan Brewster okuva mu Impinj co-chaired enkulaakulana akakiiko.

 

NFC etudde ku megahertz 13.56. High-frequency RFID ekwata bbandi y'emu. Enjawulo: NFC eyongera ku busobozi bwa peer-ku-peer. Ebyuma bibiri ebikola bisobola okukyusakyusa data okudda n’okudda. Standard RFID ye musomi-okwogera-okusooka-tag eddamu nga ebuuziddwa.

 

Sony ne Philips Semiconductors baakola ensengeka y’eby’ekikugu mu March 2002. NFC Forum yayingizibwa mu March 2004 nga Nokia ye mmemba owookusatu eyatandikawo. Philips yava mu kitongole kyayo ekya semiconductor n’efuuka NXP mu 2006. Essimu ya NFC eyasooka ey’ettunzi, Nokia’s 6131, yasindikibwa mu mwaka gwe gumu. Android yagikwata ne Nexus S mu 2010. Apple yayimiriza okutuusa ku iPhone 6 mu September wa 2014.

 

Range ezifuula ez’omugaso ku bintu eby’enjawulo. Ebiwandiiko ebiraga enkuba osobola okubisoma okuva ku mita. Abasomi babooga ekitundu n’amasoboza ga RF ku 860 okutuuka ku 960 megahertz; passive tags zikungula amaanyi ago okusobola amaanyi mu kuddamu kwazo. Active tags zitwala bbaatule ne zigenda mu maaso n’okutambuza. NFC maxes out around 4 centimeters-close ekimala nti olina okukitegeeza.

 

Sipiidi y’okutambuza tevuganya na Bluetooth. NFC etuuka ku ntikko ya kilobits 424 buli sikonda. Bluetooth 2.1 yakubye megabits 2.1. Version 5 edduka mangu n'okutuusa kati. Naye NFC eyungibwa mu wansi wa kitundu kya kkumi ekya sikonda nga tewali mutendera gwa kugatta. Google yazimba Android Beam okwetoloola obulungi obwo. Batta feature eno oluvannyuma.

 

Ebiragiro bya Walmart eby’okutunda ebintu byagaziwa okuva mu 2020. Engoye ze zaasoose. Ebintu by’awaka, eby’okuzannyisa, ebyuma, eby’emizannyo byagoberera mu 2022. Ebika by’ebintu eby’enjawulo ebisingawo byayingizibwa okuyita mu 2024. Tags run 4 to 6 cents each now. Mu makkati g’emyaka gya 2000, Walmart bwe yagezaako okusika RFID emabegako, zaali zigula ssente nga 30 era nga zirina emiwendo gy’okulemererwa waggulu ekimala ne kiba nti abagaba ebintu ne batambula.

 

Payment terminal adoption kizibu okulondoola. NFC ekola mu mugongo. Ggwe okwata, kisasula. Visa, Mastercard ne Amex baazimba enkola yaabwe etaliiko kukwatagana okwetoloola ISO/IEC 14443, omutindo gwa kaadi ey’okumpi ogukwatagana ne NFC ku layeri ya megahertz 13.56. Ebikwata ku NFC Forum bijuliza 14443 era ne byongerako enkola-level protocols nga NDEF for data formatting.

 

Enkola z’okusoma zaawukana. Antenna y'omusomi wa RFID esobola okuwandiika ebikumi n'ebikumi bya tags mu sikonda ntono-ez'omugaso ku kubala enzirukanya mu sitoowa oba mu sitoowa. NFC ekola ku nkolagana emu omulundi gumu. Ekiziyiza ekyo kituukagana ne layini z’okusasula naye kyandikendeezezza ku sipiidi y’ekifo ekigabibwa.